What is a common indicator of pain in dogs?

Whining, growling, or withdrawal from social interaction is a well-recognized indicator of pain in dogs. When dogs experience pain, they may vocalize in ways that signal discomfort or distress, such as whining or growling. Additionally, a dog that typically enjoys social interaction may become withdrawn or less engaged as a response to pain. This behavioral change is significant because it reflects the dog's emotional state and discomfort, providing a clear sign that they may be experiencing pain.

Other behaviors, like licking their paws or eating less, can also arise for various reasons, including anxiety or gastrointestinal issues, making them less specific indicators of pain. Excessive barking can stem from excitement, anxiety, or other stimuli, without necessarily indicating pain. Hence, the combination of vocalizations and changes in social behavior is a more direct assessment of a dog's discomfort or pain level.