What is the main purpose of a spay surgery?

The main purpose of spay surgery is to sterilize female animals. This surgical procedure, also known as ovariohysterectomy, involves removing the ovaries and usually the uterus of the female animal. By doing so, it prevents the animal from becoming pregnant and eliminates the associated risks of pregnancy and complications during labor. Additionally, spaying can help reduce the likelihood of certain health issues, such as pyometra, which is an infection of the uterus, and some types of cancers that affect the reproductive organs.

While spaying may have secondary benefits, such as a potential reduction in certain behavioral issues related to hormones, its primary focus is on preventing reproduction. Other options such as treating infections and controlling pain may be relevant in veterinary medicine but are not the primary goals of a spay surgery.