Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying substances in the body?

The liver is the primary organ responsible for detoxifying substances in the body due to its unique role in metabolizing various toxins and substances. It performs this critical function through a series of complex biochemical processes, including the conversion of ammonia into urea, the breakdown of medications, and the metabolism of alcohol. Hepatocytes, the main cells in the liver, contain enzymes that facilitate these detoxification reactions, making the liver a crucial component of the body's ability to filter out harmful substances and maintain internal balance.

In contrast, while the kidneys do play a role in filtering waste from the blood and excreting those wastes in urine, their primary function is excretion rather than detoxification. The heart's role is to pump blood and circulate nutrients and oxygen throughout the body, and the lungs are mainly involved in gas exchange, removing carbon dioxide and supplying oxygen, rather than detoxification processes. This specialized function of the liver makes it the central organ in detoxifying chemicals and metabolic waste products, underscoring its importance in maintaining overall health.